Principal Investigators Robert J. Sampson Harvard University David Kirk University of Pennsylvania Nuffield College, University of Oxford Christopher Wildeman Duke University Research Team Rebecca Bucci Rhode Island Department of Health and Human Services Charles Lanfear Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge Thiago R. Oliveira University of Surrey Nicolo Pinchak Nuffield College, University of Oxford Alexandra Ciomek Nuffield College, University of Oxford Garrett Baker Duke University Roland Neil RAND Amelia O’Halloran Harvard University