Hooton (1887 – 1954) was Harvard’s first professor of physical anthropology and a leading figure in American anthropology in the early–mid 20th century. He was not primarily a field archaeologist; instead, he was deeply involved in the ASPR as a physical anthropologist, especially in the analysis of human skeletal remains. In the ASPR bulletins, Hooton’s name comes up often in connection with anthropometric studies of Stone Age populations. He helped analyze skeletal material from North Africa, including cranial remains from sites like Afalou and Mechta-el-Arbi, using measurements, cranial morphology, and racial typology. Outside of the ASPR, he is best known for racial classification and authoring the book Up From the Ape (1946).